Close Menu
Ztoog
    What's Hot
    Mobile

    The best portable projector is just $479 for Cyber Monday — but you’ll need to act now

    The Future

    PowerA’s new MOGA XP-Ultra is a Frankenstein’s monster of mobile and Xbox hybrid controller

    AI

    Teaching AI to communicate sounds like humans do | Ztoog

    Important Pages:
    • About Us
    • Contact us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms & Conditions
    Facebook X (Twitter) Instagram Pinterest
    Facebook X (Twitter) Instagram Pinterest
    Ztoog
    • Home
    • The Future

      OPPO launches A5 Pro 5G: Premium features at a budget price

      How I Turn Unstructured PDFs into Revenue-Ready Spreadsheets

      Is it the best tool for 2025?

      The clocks that helped define time from London’s Royal Observatory

      Summer Movies Are Here, and So Are the New Popcorn Buckets

    • Technology

      What It Is and Why It Matters—Part 1 – O’Reilly

      Ensure Hard Work Is Recognized With These 3 Steps

      Cicada map 2025: Where will Brood XIV cicadas emerge this spring?

      Is Duolingo the face of an AI jobs crisis?

      The US DOD transfers its AI-based Open Price Exploration for National Security program to nonprofit Critical Minerals Forum to boost Western supply deals (Ernest Scheyder/Reuters)

    • Gadgets

      Maono Caster G1 Neo & PD200X Review: Budget Streaming Gear for Aspiring Creators

      Apple plans to split iPhone 18 launch into two phases in 2026

      Upgrade your desk to Starfleet status with this $95 USB-C hub

      37 Best Graduation Gift Ideas (2025): For College Grads

      Backblaze responds to claims of “sham accounting,” customer backups at risk

    • Mobile

      Motorola’s Moto Watch needs to start living up to the brand name

      Samsung Galaxy S25 Edge promo materials leak

      What are people doing with those free T-Mobile lines? Way more than you’d expect

      Samsung doesn’t want budget Galaxy phones to use exclusive AI features

      COROS’s charging adapter is a neat solution to the smartwatch charging cable problem

    • Science

      Nothing is stronger than quantum connections – and now we know why

      Failed Soviet probe will soon crash to Earth – and we don’t know where

      Trump administration cuts off all future federal funding to Harvard

      Does kissing spread gluten? New research offers a clue.

      Why Balcony Solar Panels Haven’t Taken Off in the US

    • AI

      Hybrid AI model crafts smooth, high-quality videos in seconds | Ztoog

      How to build a better AI benchmark

      Q&A: A roadmap for revolutionizing health care through data-driven innovation | Ztoog

      This data set helps researchers spot harmful stereotypes in LLMs

      Making AI models more trustworthy for high-stakes settings | Ztoog

    • Crypto

      Ethereum Breaks Key Resistance In One Massive Move – Higher High Confirms Momentum

      ‘The Big Short’ Coming For Bitcoin? Why BTC Will Clear $110,000

      Bitcoin Holds Above $95K Despite Weak Blockchain Activity — Analytics Firm Explains Why

      eToro eyes US IPO launch as early as next week amid easing concerns over Trump’s tariffs

      Cardano ‘Looks Dope,’ Analyst Predicts Big Move Soon

    Ztoog
    Home » What happens to lunar glass after a billion years
    Science

    What happens to lunar glass after a billion years

    Facebook Twitter Pinterest WhatsApp
    What happens to lunar glass after a billion years
    Share
    Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Pinterest WhatsApp

    What happens to glass for those who depart it out within the open for a number of billion years—however with no air and no operating water? We can discover the solutions to that query by finding out naturally occurring glass on the moon. The moon could lack the options that often climate rocks or minerals on Earth, however that doesn’t make this satellite tv for pc fully inert. Scientists know that extended publicity to radiation leaves a mark on the lunar floor. Now, new analysis means that billions of years of radiation publicity seem to stiffen lunar glass, in accordance to a crew who revealed their work yesterday within the journal Science Advances.

    The moon could not appear to be an apparent place to discover glass. But tiny glass spheroids riddle the lunar regolith—the rock chips and different free materials overlaying the lunar floor. Meteoroids always bombard the fabric, melting it into tiny swimming pools. As the molten regolith cools again down, it hardens into glass. 

    Glass is extra than simply a brittle, clear sheet that fills home windows. Scientists consider the stuff as the results of a liquid cooling quickly with out its atoms slotting into a outlined construction. For that purpose, some scientists contemplate glass to be its personal separate state of matter.

    And, even on the moon, glass doesn’t final for billions of years with out altering. Though the moon has neither a important ambiance nor operating water to climate rocks like on Earth, the lunar floor is topic to one thing that our planet’s ambiance sometimes filters out: radiation. Some of it comes from the solar; some arrives as cosmic rays from far larger distances. Regardless, over billions of years of radiation publicity, the consequences construct up.

    [Related: Why do all these countries want to go to the moon right now?]

    Geologists have lengthy been desirous about how radiation impacts lunar soil. “There have been 20 years’ worth of study on it,” says Rhonda Stroud, a area supplies scientist at Arizona State University, who was not an creator of the paper. 

    Much of that work concerned taking facsimiles of lunar soil, which they name simulants, and exposing them to radiation. But, Stroud says, it’s onerous to know the way particular person materials particles react by finding out huge portions of them. “Any one little dust particle or sub-millimeter glass sphere could have its own age,” she says. “Things get buried, the regolith churns.”

    Green glass spheres from the Apollo 15 mission. NASA

    Fortunately, now we have precise lunar glass on Earth within the type of samples returned by our moon missions. Most not too long ago, we are able to thank the Chang’e-5 lunar lander, which lifted off from China in November 2020 and returned lower than a month later bearing 3.81 lbs of souvenirs. Chang’e-5 didn’t land in a place on the moon that skilled many impacts—and, consequently didn’t return with a lot glass. 

    Still, scientists managed to sift by way of Chang’e-5’s bounty and select 5 explicit glassy particles, every one concerning the width of a human hair. They examined every particle below a transmission electron microscope, permitting them to view its construction. They additionally pressed a tiny probe on every particle, permitting them to take a look at how the particle reacted to drive.

    The researchers then “rejuvenated” the samples by heating them up to liquid temperatures of greater than 1100 levels F, holding them there for a minute, then letting them cool. They repeated the identical microscope and stress checks on the de-aged samples, permitting them to estimate what the particles regarded like earlier than a whole bunch of hundreds of thousands and even billions of years sitting on the moon and basking in radiation.

    [Related: We finally have a detailed map of water on the moon]

    They discovered a drastic change in a property that engineers name the Young’s modulus, which measures how a lot drive a materials wants to distort by a sure size. If the researchers’ rejuvenated samples have been any indication, then extended radiation publicity elevated the Young’s modulus of the glass by as a lot as 70 p.c. More subtly, radiation additionally appeared to harden a few of the particles.

    These discoveries may also help scientists work out how glass behaves within the soil of different worlds. And the analysis crew believes that it may also assist us perceive the conduct of the glass we make on Earth. 

    In reality, this paper’s authors consider that lunar glass itself could quickly be helpful. In their imaginative and prescient, moon-dwellers would possibly sift by way of the lunar regolith for glass beads and convert them into glass that they may use for his or her automobiles or habitats.

    But it isn’t apparent to everybody how analysis like this but interprets into precise infrastructure. “The radiation from solar wind is very, very slow,” Stroud says. “I don’t think we need materials to withstand billions of years.”

    Share. Facebook Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn WhatsApp

    Related Posts

    Science

    Nothing is stronger than quantum connections – and now we know why

    Science

    Failed Soviet probe will soon crash to Earth – and we don’t know where

    Science

    Trump administration cuts off all future federal funding to Harvard

    Science

    Does kissing spread gluten? New research offers a clue.

    Science

    Why Balcony Solar Panels Haven’t Taken Off in the US

    Science

    ‘Dark photon’ theory of light aims to tear up a century of physics

    Science

    Signs of alien life on exoplanet K2-18b may just be statistical noise

    Science

    New study: There are lots of icy super-Earths

    Leave A Reply Cancel Reply

    Follow Us
    • Facebook
    • Twitter
    • Pinterest
    • Instagram
    Top Posts
    Technology

    AT&T vs. Xfinity: Customer-Friendly Fiber and Low-Cost Cable

    Is AT&T or Xfinity web higher?A case might be made for both supplier as the…

    Mobile

    Black Friday: Get a great deal on Galaxy Watch6, iPad 10.9″ 2022 and more in Germany

    Here are all the perfect Black Friday offers on smartwatches and tablets from Amazon Germany.…

    The Future

    Take 50% Off at Nobull During Its Gear Up for Fall Sale

    Whether you are a health fanatic or simply making an attempt to take care of…

    Crypto

    What Are Bitcoin Ordinals And How Can You Trade BRC-20 Tokens

    Cryptocurrency lovers have been captivated by the world of Bitcoin Ordinals and BRC-20 (Bitcoin Request…

    Technology

    Google extends deadline to switch Stadia controllers to Bluetooth

    Edgar Cervantes / Android AuthorityTL;DR December 31, 2023, was initially the deadline for switching Stadia…

    Our Picks
    Science

    We may be about to solve the greatest riddle of electromagnetism

    Science

    It’s a great time to see the Cygnus constellation – here’s how

    Gadgets

    Be prepared while on the road with this fast-charging jump starter & power bank, now on sale for $69.99

    Categories
    • AI (1,483)
    • Crypto (1,745)
    • Gadgets (1,796)
    • Mobile (1,840)
    • Science (1,854)
    • Technology (1,790)
    • The Future (1,636)
    Most Popular
    Mobile

    Google’s code shows how its Spotify extension for Gemini might work

    Technology

    Radar Trends to Watch: April 2023 – O’Reilly

    Science

    Claudia de Rham: In search of the true nature of gravity

    Ztoog
    Facebook X (Twitter) Instagram Pinterest
    • Home
    • About Us
    • Contact us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms & Conditions
    © 2025 Ztoog.

    Type above and press Enter to search. Press Esc to cancel.